Resumen

VAZQUEZ-VAZQUEZ, Cirilo et al. Organic substrates in the production of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and its phytochemical quality. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2015, vol.6, n.8, pp.1833-1844. ISSN 2007-0934.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and quality of phytochemical of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in different organic substrates under conditions of shade cloth. Organic fertilizers were evaluated; vermicompost (VER), compost (COM) and solarized manure (ES), mixed in different proportions with sand (A), pumice (P) and agricultural land (S). Six treatments with four replications were used in a completely randomized experimental design. The treatments were: T1, sand + solarized dung (80:20); T2 sand + solarized dung + soil (80: 15: 5); T3, sand + vermicompost (80:20); T4, sand + mineralized compost (80:20); T5, sand + vermicompost + soil (80: 15: 5) and; T6 (control) sand + pumice (80:20), with Steiner solution. Four cuts were made at 30, 71, 139 and 179 days after transplantation, the leaf area index was determined (LAI), fresh leaf weight (PFH), dry leafweight (PSH), fresh stem weight ( PFT) and dry stem weight (PST) as well as the total phenols and antioxidant capacity. Substrates in physical and chemical parameters were determined. The results showed significant differences (Tukey, p≤ 0.05) for yield, IAF, PSH, total phenols and antioxidant capacity. The phenolic content of the basil leaves were significantly different, with values of 62.42 and 41.55 mg equiv. Ac. Gallic 100 g in dry weight for T6 and T2, respectively. For the antioxidant capacity method ABTS+ significant difference was found with values of 156.43 and 101.86 (μM equiv Trolox / 100 g PF) obtaining the highest value T3 and the lowest T2. These organic treatments obtained the highest phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, which were similar to the phytochemical quality of the product obtained under traditional fertilization (Steiner solution), indicating the feasibility of organic treatments for their low cost for implementing of the basil organic production in shade cloth.

Palabras llave : Ocimum basilicum L.; antioxidants; phenols; solarization; vermicompost.

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