Abstract

RANGEL-ESTRADA, Sandra Eloísa et al. In vitro regeneration of poinsettia hybrids via organogenesis. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2015, vol.6, n.7, pp.1571-1585. ISSN 2007-0934.

Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch) is an ornamental plant native of Mexico prized for their striking bracts and widely cultivated in many countries. Globally it is considered an icon of Christmas. The different in vitro plant tissue culture techniques have contributed to the genetic improvement of various crops and other species. In this study a protocol for in vitro propagation of poinsettia hybrids 'Zacatepec 10' and 'Zacatepec 48' from the Ornamental Plant Breeding program of INIFAP, from the experimental field of Zacatepec was developed. The induction of organogenesis was achieved through the activation of axillary buds from nodal segments obtained from mother plants two months old. Incubation of explants in MS medium (1962) supplemented with 8.8 μM BA for eight weeks, induced the activation of axillary bud and 3.9 new hybrid shoots in 'Zacatepec 10' and 2.5 in 'Zacatepec 48' with average size 1.02 cm. Shoot multiplication was effective with 4.4 μM BA combined with 2.2 μM CIN added with 0.5 μM of AIA, but increased substantially with 0.23 μM TDZ; 12.1 shoots in Zacatepec 10' and 11.6 in' Zacatepec 48 'after eight weeks of culture. In rooting were obtained on average 5.8 roots of 5.9 cm length in culture medium with half salt concentration added with 5.6 μM AIA after six weeks. Acclimatization of 85% of the plants of the two hybrids was achieved with a mix of peat and perlite (1: 1) after six weeks of planting. This protocol will be implemented for clonal propagation of new poinsettia hybrids that have been generated in Mexico and need to multiply, because conventional propagation limits the amount of new plants and some have few specimens.

Keywords : Euphorbia pulcherrima; genetic improvement; micropropagation; Nodal segments.

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