Resumen

REYES-QUINTANAR, Claudia Katia et al. Effect of the extract of rue (Ruta graveolens) on the mycelial growth of Trichoderma. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2014, vol.5, n.8, pp.1433-1446. ISSN 2007-0934.

One of the main troubles in edible mushroom cultivation is contamination by the green mold Trichoderma, which is aggressive and easily spread on the substrate competing for space and nutrients. Currently, chemical fungicides are used to control it during mushroom cultivation; however, the use of chemicals is increasingly banned by society due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. Rue (Ruta graveolens) is an aromatic plant capable of producing secondary metabolites with antifungal properties. For this reason, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of R. graveolens ethanolic extract on in vitro mycelial growth and spore production of Trichoderma aggressivum f. europeaum. For this research we used plant material obtained from the Ethnobotanical Garden of San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, harvested in August, 2011. We made an ethanolic extract of rue, diluted in sterilized distilled water, filtered for sterilization and it was added into the PDA medium at a 0.4% concentration. Assessing Mycelial growth rate, sporulation and spore germination of T. aggressivum f. europeaum. Inhibition was observed in the rate of mycelial growth of Trichoderma strains exposed to the rue extract. Sporulation of Trichoderma from spore germination in the medium with rue was lower than the control. The rue extract decreased the mycelial density of Trichoderma strains. The results showed inhibition of mycelial growth (53%-81%), as well as sporulation and spore germination of Trichoderma up to 90%, using a natural plant ethanolic extract, which may be potentially used during mushroom cultivation.

Palabras llave : antifungal; extract; Ruta graveolens; Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum.

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