Resumo

LOPEZ HERNANDEZ, Mónica Beatriz; LOPEZ PERALTA, Ma. Cristina Guadalupe; GONZALEZ HERNANDEZ, Víctor Arturo  e  CARDENAS SORIANO, Elizabeth. Maize floral development in vitro during the induction and shoot multiplication. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2012, vol.3, n.6, pp.1171-1185. ISSN 2007-0934.

In vitro culture for floral induction has an advantage because of the ease of applying various stimuli that induce or inhibit this phenomenon without involving environmental factors (Scorza, 1982). High yields in maize as in many crops depend primarily on the number of grains per plant produced and has been observed that the number of ears is determined by endogenous growth regulators (Leal-Leon etal, 2002). During direct organogenesis in vitro of corn obtained from the base of the coleoptile female reproductive structures are generated at an early stage, which is a problem in the induction and in vitro multiplication of shoots of corn due to competition for the assimilation of components of the culture medium (Iracheta et al, 2003). In the Graduate College in Agricultural Sciences in 2006 studied the role of phytohormones in floral development of maize lines in the induction and shoot multiplication trying different cytokinins at different doses and in combination with two doses of indole acetic acid. The lines tested differed in their morphogenic capacity, being the maize lines L13 and L14 which showed the highest shoot induction capacity. Floral initiation was detected between 10 and 15 d from seeding explants. The development of female inflorescences depended on the type of cytokinin (highest to lowest response): BAP> KIN> TDZ. With ZEA and 2iPA only induce and multiply vegetative shoots.

Palavras-chave : Zea mays L.; auxins; cytokinins; female inflorescences; type and hormonal dose.

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