Resumo

ESTRADA-BASALDUA, Jorge Adán et al. Effect of ⁶⁰Co gamma rays in tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.). Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2011, vol.2, n.spe3, pp.445-458. ISSN 2007-0934.

The plants that are asexually reproduced like the tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.), have little genetic variability; this can be induced by the mutagenesis technique. The objectives of this paper are: to induce variability by using ⁶⁰Co gamma radiation and, to establish the radiosensitivity curve in tubers and in vitro plants. At the National Institute for Nuclear Research (ININ by its Spanish acronym), tuberose's tubers were irradiated with seven doses of ⁶⁰Co gamma radiation (0 to 30 Gy) with 5 Gy intervals between treatments. Of irradiated tubers (with 2 to 21 side bulbs), the bulbs were extracted without mechanical damage and established in vitro in a Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture medium with 1 mg L^-1 of benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 mg L-¹ of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), the remaining bulbs were planted in a substrate mixture (soil, leaf mold and volcanic rock at a ratio of 1:1:1). In the tuberoses irradiated with high doses, the plant growth decreased, showing a greater variation in the length and width of the leaves; compared to the irradiated plants, deformed leaves also appeared, rosette-shaped buds, these were suddenly desiccated. The plants from acclimatized tuberose's buds had an LD₅₀ (9.09 Gy), lower than tubers established in vivo (LD₅₀ of 25.91 Gy), where the dose of 30 Gy was lethal to all plants after five months of cultivation.

Palavras-chave : Polianthes tuberosa; genetic variability; in vitro cultivation; radiosensitivity.

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