Resumo

SABAS-CHAVEZ, Cecilia Carolina et al. Berry size and sweetness during three years in eight accessions of Vitis spp. Nova scientia [online]. 2016, vol.8, n.17, pp.233-248. ISSN 2007-0705.

Mexico is one of the centers of origin of the genus Vitis. Nowadays, in the germplasm bank of Zumpahuacán, México, there are growing more than 70 Vitis accessions; they are native of the States of México, Puebla and Morelos. It is known that for conservation, selection and breeding of the genus Vitis, it is necessary to characterize each of the plant quality components. The objective of present work was to determine the size and sweetness of berries of accessions E-15, E-9, E-201 and E-202 (State of México); P-57, P-178 and P-180 (Puebla); and Mo-45 (Morelos) in three continuous seasons under Zumpahuacán environmental conditions. In each season, we selected the higher 50 berries from each accession and it was determined their weight, height and width, numer of seeds per fruit and the content of total soluble solids (TSS). The average temperature in the three months previous to harvest was calculated in order to determine the effect of this factor in berry sweetness. Fruit weight, width and height as well as TSS and number of seeds per fruit were different (P < 0.05) along the years of study and among accessions. However, during the three years, the number of seeds per fruit was constant in four of the eight accessions. The three-year berry weight average indicates that fruits of accessions E-200 and Mo-45 were over 0.5 g each, whereas the fruit of accession P-57 were the heaviest (P < 0.05) with 0.96 g. TSS average content of the three years was between 11 and 17°B. In five of the eight accessions, the lower TSS content was determined in the season with the lower temperature present at fruit development.

Palavras-chave : Quality parameter; plant genetic resource; Vitaceae; wild berry.

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