Resumo

GUZMAN RAMIREZ, Alejandro  e  FRAUSTO VARGAS, José María. The Determination of urban poverty areas: A Methodological approach. Nova scientia [online]. 2012, vol.4, n.7, pp.85-124. ISSN 2007-0705.

Introduction: The conditions of poverty and the spatial location of the population are dynamic, therefore it is essential to identify existing areas where it is found people with different levels and types of poverty. The contribution of this research is in the review of methodological approaches and theoretical profiles used in the definition and analysis of aspects linked to poverty, as well as analysis of the various criteria for territorial poverty definition used by governmental agencies. Given the disparity in the criteria for assessing poverty, actions are isolated and with poor impacts on different sectors of the city, this research analyze different variables to define poverty and establish territorial demarcation criteria more suited to the reality. Method: The methodology carried out consisted of: to) development of a conceptual theoretical frame of reference through the review of the methodological approaches and theoretical profiles used by the bodies that are connected and involved in the definition and analysis of the aspects linked to poverty; (b) development of the structure and route criticism of the study. Determination of concepts, categories, Variables and indicators for territorial definition of the poverty urban areas, c) selection of methods for the construction of indices related to the identified variables, the selection of statistical methods for the characterization and correlation of variables and indices systems; (d) identification and characterization of the variables used to determine the territorial Constitution of poverty urban areas. Results: The complexity of the problem of poverty requires an analysis with greater depth of each of the dimensions considered (incorporating aspects such as the quality of the services received or the effective use of them), as well as other aspects that directly affect the standard of living of the population (such as access to infrastructure, employment and discrimination). The concept of poverty should include components absolute and relative, corresponding to the fulfilment of the conditions of survival, the first independently to the type of organization and level of development of society, and the latter to interpersonal comparisons of welfare. Discussion or Conclusion: A multidimensional perspective may refer to poverty as a series of shortcomings identified in multiple domains, such as opportunities for participation in collective decisions, the mechanisms of appropriation of resources or the titles of rights that allow access to the physical, human and social capital among others. Its multidimensional nature, however, does not require taking into account the situations of deprivation in all areas in which the life of an individual can develop. The number and type of dimension to consider is directly associated with the way in which minimum or acceptable living conditions are designed to ensure a decent standard of living for all and each of the members of a society.

Palavras-chave : Urban poverty; margination; poverty urban areas; human development.

        · resumo em Espanhol     · texto em Espanhol     · Espanhol ( pdf )