Objective:

Analyze the indications of a antibiotic prophylaxis in pediatric surgeries in a pediatric hospital in the last six years.

Patients:

Under 18 years.

Material and methods:

Prophylactic indications of antibiotic for pediatric surgical procedures in our hospital services were reviewed and analyzed, recommendation and non-indication. The results are presented in proportions with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results:

605 procedures were analyzed; in 41% an antimicrobial prophylaxis was indicated. Upon recommendation, it was indicated in 54.9% (95% CI from 50.1 to 59.7%); likewise, in 72.6% (95% CI from 65.3 to 78.6%) of the procedures without prophylactic recommendation, this was not indicated. The correct compliance with the recommendation was 60.6% (95% CI from 56.1 to 64%). The orthopedic service showed the best compliance (91 and 87.8%). Of the procedures, catheter placement was the least complied with in the administration of antibiotics prophylactic (60%) and hydrocelectomy was the highest in unjustified administration (50%).

Conclusions:

Adequate compliance of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis is still deficient in this sample. Training and continuous monitoring are required to reduce the risk of surgical site infections.