Abstract

NASIRI, Javad; KIANI, Farhoush  and  KOOHYAR, Fardad. Refractometric Study on Binary, Ternary, and Quaternary Solutions Made by Water, Methanol, Ethanol, Glycerol, D-glucose Monohydrate (DGMH), Sucrose, and Sodium Chloride at T = 293.15 K and Atmospheric Pressure. J. Mex. Chem. Soc [online]. 2018, vol.62, n.4, pp.160-176.  Epub July 02, 2020. ISSN 1870-249X.  https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v62i4.679.

The glycerol, D-glucose monohydrate (DGMH), sucrose, and sodium chloride are used in food industries and the measurement of properties for these components and their aqueous solutions can be important. In this research work, the refractive indices for binary solutions of (methanol + glycerol), (ethanol + glycerol), ternary solutions of (water + glycerol + DGMH), (water + glycerol + sucrose), (water + sucrose + DGMH), (water + sucrose + ethanol), (water + ethanol + DGMH), (water + NaCl + DGMH), (water + methanol + NaCl), (water + ethanol + NaCl), (water + NaCl + glycerol), (water + sucrose + NaCl), and quaternary solutions of (water + ethanol + sucrose + DGMH), (water + ethanol + sucrose + glycerol), (water + NaCl + sucrose + glycerol) were measured in wide range of mole fractions at T = 293.15 K and atmospheric pressure. For binary solutions of this study, the changes of refractive index on mixing, ∆n D, were calculated in each mole fraction at T = 293.15 K. Also, the refractive index of binary solutions was fitted by a semi-empirical equation. The constant of this equation, Kr, was introduced and suggested by Koohyar in 2018. This constant can be used to investigate strength of interactions between solute and solvent molecules. For ternary and quaternary solutions of this study, a semi-empirical equation was used to determine refractive indices at given temperature. The comparison between calculated and experimental refractive indices shows that there is a good agreement between them especially in lower molal concentrations (diluted solution). In other words, linear behavior of the refractive index occurs only in the diluted solutions.

Keywords : Refractive index; solution; water; glycerol; D-glucose monohydrate (DGMH); sucrose; sodium chloride.

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