Resumo

GUILLEN ROMO, Héctor. The origins of neo-liberalism: of the Lippmann colloquium to the Mont-Pelerin Society. Economía UNAM [online]. 2018, vol.15, n.43, pp.7-42. ISSN 1665-952X.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fe.24488143e.2018.43.381.

This article presents the history of one organization: The Society of Mont-Pèlerin (SMP) which was founded by Friedrich Hayek in 1947, with a decisive support from the ordo-liberal Wilhelm Ropke, to gather the intellectual opponents of socialism who shared his opposition of the tendency to increase the role of the state in the economy and the society. Since the creation of SMP, and even before for the occasion of the Lippmann Colloquium in 1938, neoliberal intellectuals form a collective, encouraged by common ambition, to undermine the hegemony of ¨socialism¨. The general framework of neoliberalism emerged in the 1930´s before Hayek took over the direction of the movement, in 1947 in Vevey, Switzerland. In this moment was born the most influential and prestigious society of thought completely dedicated to the liberal cause making the apology and the prolongation of a market economy on a world scale. Hayek wanted to break the isolation of liberal thinkers in a world threatened by ¨collectivism¨ and stop the rising of Keynesian and Marxist theses. By using their university prestige reached from the beginning of their career, Hayek and Ropke were transformed under the shock of the crisis and the war, into ideological entrepreneurs eager to exercise a political influence for the construction of a neoliberal network on a world scale.

Palavras-chave : History of Economic Thought; History of Thought: Individuals; Political Economy of Capitalism; Neoclassical.

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