Resumen

BARREDA-CASTILLO, J.M. et al. Influence of temperature on the infectivity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae in Vanilla planifolia and in hybrids V. planifolia x V. pompona. Biotecnia [online]. 2023, vol.25, n.1, pp.177-183.  Epub 07-Ago-2023. ISSN 1665-1456.  https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1737.

Vanilla planifolia is the main vegetable source of vanillin, a flavoring of wide commercial importance. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae, the main V. planifolia pathogen, has devastated whole crops worldwide. Vanilla pompona possesses resistance to common genus pathogens. Extreme climatic variations affect the plant-pathogen interactions. Based on the assumption that temperatures above 28 ºC will intensify the infectivity of F. oxysporum in vanilla, we determined the influence of the increase in temperature on the infectivity of F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae (strain M21C5) in V. planifolia and two hybrids of V. planifolia x V. pompona. Root cuttings from hybrids 1 and 2 (V. pompona x V. planifolia) and V. planifolia were inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae spore suspensions. Disease progression was measured for 60 days at 25, 30 and 35 °C. Five replicates per treatment were used, including a control group. ANOVA post hoc Tukey test (P ≤ 0.05) was used for data analysis. V. planifolia was susceptible at 35 °C and highly susceptible at 25 and 30 °C. Both hybrids were resistant to the pathogen at the evaluated temperatures. Due to the resistance, it was shown that V. planifolia x V. pompona hybrids are a viable alternative to the pathogen.

Palabras llave : Vanilla; root and stem rot; hybrid vigor; climate change.

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