Resumen

MEDINA-ESCOBEDO, C. Martha; LEON-BURGOS, Verónica; DUARTE Y AMANDOLA, Antonio  y  SALHA VILLANUEVA, Jorge. Renal failure related to urolithiasis in children. Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. [online]. 2006, vol.63, n.6, pp.395-401. ISSN 1665-1146.

Introduction. Because urolithiasis (UL) in an endemic disease in the Yucatan peninsula, we carried out a prospective to study over a 5 year period to determine the prevalence, clinical course and metabolic disturbances of renal failure (RF) secondary to UL in children admitted to our institution. Material and methods. Patients 15 years old and younger, diagnosed with RF, and hospitalized from March 2001 to February 2006, were prospectively examined. Cases associated to UL were selected. Age, sex, hospitalization conditions, litho locus, medical and surgical treatment, complications, and evolution, were registered. Metabolic tests were performed in those in whom RF reverted, posterior to the recovery of renal function. Results. One hundred four patients with RF were detected; 13 cases (8 females and 5 males) had RF and UL. Age was between 8 months and 12 years old and 10 patients were registered to be less than 3 years old. Anuria was the principal clinical data. Every case had multiple stones. Some undernourishment degree was diagnosed in 10 patients. Hypouricemia and hypouricosuria were present in one case whereas hyperuricosuria and hypercalciuria were present in another; hyperuricosuria was found in 8 cases and the metabolic cause for UL in 3 cases could not be identified. Dialysis was required in 2 cases and nephrostomy probes were used in 2 more cases. All cases needed lithotomy. A satisfactory evolution was achieved in 10 patients and chronic RF developed in 2; one patient died due to urosepsis after few hours of been hospitalized in the emergency room. Conclusions. RF in children can be caused by UL and in some cases irreversible damage and even death can occur. Hyperuricosuria was the predominant metabolic alteration.

Palabras llave : Urolithiasis; children; acute renal failure; chronic renal failure.

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