Resumen

TEOFILO-SALVADOR, Eduardo; MORALES-REYES, Guillermo Pedro; MUCINO-CASTANEDA, René  y  ESTELLER-ALBERICH, María Vicenta. Reduced in situ experimentation of the soil slip by effect of subsurface water flow. Ing. invest. y tecnol. [online]. 2019, vol.20, n.3, e026.  Epub 15-Oct-2019. ISSN 2594-0732.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fi.25940732e.2019.20n3.026.

Natural disasters, such as the landslides generate high costs by damages to civil infrastructure, human losses and alteration of the environment. The objective of this investigation was to experiment in the field the sliding of a land mass affected by the presence of subsurface water flow. In Mayorazgo of Leon (Almoloya of Juarez), soil of the root zone and of the upper limit of the unsaturated zone (LSZNS) were sampled for characterization. 16 scenarios were designed combining plant cover, rooting, macropores, soil density and degree of inclination, in them precipitation intensities were reproduced applying the multifunctional redesigned concentric cylinder infiltrometer. With the above, it was obtained that, the root zone was more permeable than the underlying layer, so the LSZNS was defined as a fault plane, on which the subsurface water flow was mobilized. From an oversaturated condition a runoff-infiltration process was presented, with water erosion, and the subsequent appearance of cracks, absence of runoff and soil slip with the progressive release of water. Exceeded the maximum capacity of infiltration of water into the soil, it was important the interaction of the frequency of duration of a certain precipitation intensity with its distribution on the ground (vertical, lateral and superficial), also, the density of the material allowed to advance and/or maintain the flow of water to a certain depth.

Palabras llave : Natural disasters; infiltrometer; oversaturation; root zone; rainfall; density.

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