Abstract

LEON-TRIGO, Luz Ireri et al. Smart Grid in Mexico: Current situation, challenges and implementation. Ing. invest. y tecnol. [online]. 2019, vol.20, n.2. ISSN 2594-0732.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fi.25940732e.2019.20n2.015.

A Smart Grid (SG) is an electrical network that uses a bidirectional communication to integrate the actions of service providers and users. Currently one of the challenges facing the Mexican grid due to population and industrial growth is the energy demand, as well as the introduction of distributed generation based on renewable resources. The objective of this paper is to present an overview of the state of Smart Grids in Mexico, as well as the feasibility of building Micro Grids (MGs), to provide electricity to sectors of society not served or to do more efficient current services. For this purpose, an analysis of the scope and limitations of the electricity sector in Mexico is made and, unlike other works, a case study is presented in which the actual demand of electric energy of a residential user and the generation estimated using solar panels is compared, based on irradiation data provided by NASA. By using the geographic coordinates of the place under study, average solar radiation of 5.58 kWh/m2/day is obtained, which calculates the number of solar panels needed to meet the user’s demand. The comparative study is limited to 22 months of actual data. The result shows a difference between generation and consumption of 2 kWh, which validates the correct estimation of the study. Also, an analysis of economic recovery is presented that justifies the installation of isolated Micro Grids, with alternative generation sources, to take the energy to places of difficult access with conventional networks.

Keywords : Smart grid; micro grid; smart meter; photovoltaic; renewable energy.

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