Resumen

CAMPOS-ARANDA, Daniel Francisco. Annual Meteorological Droughts Study by Means of the Aridity Index, in the Zacatecas State of Mexico. Ing. invest. y tecnol. [online]. 2016, vol.17, n.3, pp.405-417. ISSN 2594-0732.

Meteorological droughts are a temporary aberration of the normal occurrence of precipitation. Their characteristics, such as duration, severity, frequency and affected area, are governed by climatic parameters of the region, which are a consequence of the global atmospheric dynamics and therefore their study has been addressed based on the aridity index (AI = P/PET), defined as the ratio of precipitation (P) to potential evapotranspiration (PET), both annual. This paper statistically analyzes the 16 time series of the IA, in the state of Zacatecas, Mexico, calculated on the common 65-year period from 1950 to 2014; in order to punctually define the occurrence of light, moderate, severe and extreme droughts. Moreover, such records are integrated into three geographic zones and then, the occurrence of the severe and extreme droughts is analyzed by regions and in the two periods of the common lapse. Years with the most affected number of climatological stations are identified and conclusions on the years and their sequences, with critical droughts and free of such events are formulated.

Palabras llave : annual meteorological droughts; annual aridity index; annual precipitation; annual potential evapotranspiration; statistical tests; moving averages.

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