Resumo

NAVA-BERUMEN, Cynthia A. et al. Forage productivity and quality of grasses grown during the dry season in Durango, Mexico. Agrociencia [online]. 2018, vol.52, n.6, pp.803-816. ISSN 2521-9766.

In Durango, Mexico, high forage productivity and quality grasses are required to feed cattle. The objective of this study was to determine the forage productivity and quality of grasses cultivated during the dry season in Durango. The hypothesis was that the evaluated grasses would show equal forage productivity and quality values. The study was carried out during two periods: Cycle 1 (autumn-winter 2013-2014) and Cycle 2 (autumn winter 2014-2015). The varieties sown were Hercules and Maximus annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), a perennial ryegrass mix (L. perenne Green Perennial), and prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii cv. Matua), using a random design and four to eight replicates. The variables were dry and green forage yield; crude protein (CP); neutral detergent fiber (NDF); acid detergent fiber (ADF); lignin; and in vitro dry matter degradation (IVDMD). Productivity was higher in Cycle 1, with a maximum cumulative yield value of 249 t ha-1 green forage (Maximus) and 40 t ha-1 dry forage (Matua). PC and IVDMD diminished between harvests in both cycles and NDF, ADF, and lignin increased during warm months. Crude protein was higher during the first harvest of Cycle 1 (21.8 %) (Matua) and in Cycle 2 (33.2 %) (Green Perenne). In the last harvest of Cycle 1, NDF was 60.7 % and reached 64.0 % in Cycle 2; FDA ranged from 34.3 % (Cycle 1) to 36.9 % (Cycle 2). Lignin ranged from 5.5 % to 6.3 % between cycles and IVDMD showed 69.2 % to 74.2 % during the first harvest and 51.8 % to 62.8 % in the final stage. There were differences in forage productivity and quality between types of grasses. The evaluated grasses are recommended and, during the warm months, reducing the period between harvests is necessary to keep the forage quality.

Palavras-chave : forage; yield; chemical composition; digestibility; environment.

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