Resumo

AVAREZ-SOLIS, J. David; GOMEZ-VELASCO, D. Aurora; LEON-MARTINEZ, N. Samuel  e  GUTIERREZ-MICELI, F. Antonio. Integrated management of inorganic and organic fertilizers in maize cropping. Agrociencia [online]. 2010, vol.44, n.5, pp.575-586. ISSN 2521-9766.

Maintenance of the soil's productive capacity requires integration of plant nutrition and soil improvement practices. It is thus necessary to apply agroecological practices and generate information about their effects on soil properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of integrated management of inorganic and organic fertilizers on phosphatase and urease activity, colonization of native mycorrhizal fungi and corn (Zea mays L.) yield. The experiment was conducted under rainfed conditions in Teopisca, state of Chiapas. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks with a factorial arrangement (2×4) of treatments: inorganic fertilizer levels (60-30 and 120-60 N-P) and organic fertilizer (none or control, compost, bokashi and worm humus; rate 6 t ha^{- 1}). In vegetative growth, alkaline phosphatase was 74.5% higher with worm humus than the control without organic fertilizer, while acid phosphatase was 41.9% higher with compost than the control. During flowering, urease activity decreased 46.2% with the high dosage of fertilization. The percentage of mycorrhizal colonization was 1.3 times higher with bokashi than without organic fertilizer. Grain yield varied from 2152 to 3616 kg ha^-1; the lowest value corresponded to the low dosage of inorganic fertilizer without organic fertilizer, while the highest values were obtained with the higher dosage of inorganic fertilizer with worm humus. With the low level of inorganic fertilizer, yield increased 3.8, 12.7 and 11.5% with compost, bokashi and worm humus, while with the high level, the increase was 17.7, 21.9 and 30.5%. The analysis of the results showing positive effects on enzymatic activity, mycorrhizal fungus colonization and corn yield suggest the importance of integrated management of inorganic and organic fertilizers in rainfed maize in the state of Chiapas.

Palavras-chave : Zea mays; compost; phosphatase; mycorrhizae; local race maize; urease.

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