Resumen

CISNEROS-LOPEZ, Ma. Eugenia et al. Cold tolerant sorgum hybrids and parental lines. I: seed quality and its effects on seedling establishment. Agrociencia [online]. 2007, vol.41, n.1, pp.45-55. ISSN 2521-9766.

In demonstration plots established in the Central High Valleys of México, slow emergence of seedlings in a first group of cold tolerant sorghum hybrids attributed to low temperatures at the beginning of the growing season and low seed weight, was observed. In this study, the relationship between some seed quality traits of new lines and experimental sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) hybrids and those related to seedling establishment in the field, was evaluated. Thirty-two genotypes, grouped in hybrids and their parental lines A, B and R; and the variety VA-110 were included. In the laboratory, seed quality was evaluated in terms of physiological characteristics (germination and normal and abnormal seedling vigor, among others), physical attributes (such as weight of 100 seeds and volumetric weight), and sanitary tests (percentage of diseased seedlings). In the field, data was recorded for days to initial and end of seedling emergence, seedling height, emergence rate, and final percentage of emerged seedlings. In the laboratory, a completely randomized experimental design was set up, and, in the field, a complete randomized block design was used with three replications in each case. ISTA methods were applied for the seed trials. The group of new hybrids had higher 100-seed weight than the mean of the groups of parental lines, but this variable was not associated with better seed quality traits of the parental lines. Lower seed weight was not associated with poor germination characteristics or with seedling emergence in the field. Most of the variables measured in the laboratory tests did not show linear correlation with seedling establishment variables measured in the field. In this study, soil temperature did not affect seed germination or seedling emergence in the field.

Palabras llave : Fusarium verticillioides; Sorghum bicolor; germination; seed vigor.

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