Resumo

ANGELES-VAZQUEZ, Blanca Vianey; ALVAREZ-CERVANTES, Jorge; TOVAR-JIMENEZ, Xochitl  e  RODRIGUEZ-GARAY, Benjamín. Plant regeneration from indirect somatic embryogenesis of Agave salmiana 0tto ex Salm-Dyck subsp. salmiana using zygotic embryo obtained by in-casa pollination as explants. Polibotánica [online]. 2023, n.56, pp.171-182.  Epub 18-Set-2023. ISSN 1405-2768.  https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.56.9.

The use of somatic embryogenesis can be an alternative to produce a large number of somatic seedlings in less time at low cost; however, the viability and success of this method depend on several factors such as the type of explant used, the hormonal balance, among others. In this sense, the present research work evaluated the use of immature zygotic embryos obtained by in-casa pollination as explants of Agave salmiana Otto ex Salm-Dyck subsp. salmiana obtained from different municipalities of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. After 30-40 days of having pollinated inflorescences or panicles, a total of 89 fruits were obtained, of which 1608 zygotic embryos were rescued in vitro, and from these somatic embryos were generated in a nutrient medium (MS) by Murashige and Skoog, supplemented with vitamins L2, 9 μM of the auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D) and 1.3 μM of the cytokinin 6-6 benzylaminopurine (BAP). Calli were used in two experiments in the presence of 2,4-D auxins and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) in combination with the cytokinin BAP. After 40 days of incubation, it was observed that a large number of embryos and embryogenic calli were generated using 4.5-9.0 μM 2,4-D in combination with 0.4-1.3 μM BAP. In-casa pollination allows the formation of viable zygotic embryos, and these can be used as explants in somatic embryogenesis, this being an alternative to help the genetic conservation of Agave plants in Mexico.

Palavras-chave : In-casa pollination; embryo rescue; zygotic embryos; auxins.

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