Abstract

BRICENO-SANTIAGO, C. I. et al. Study of flora present in apiaries of three municipalities in the State Of Yucatan, Mexico. Polibotánica [online]. 2022, n.53, pp.13-34.  Epub Apr 04, 2022. ISSN 1405-2768.  https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.53.2.

According to the official Mexican standard NOM-004-SAG / GAN-2018, for the production of honey and specifications, Honey: "It is the natural sweet substance produced by bees from the nectar of flowers or secretions of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects that remain on their living parts and that the bees collect, transform and combine with their own specific substances, and deposit, dehydrate, store and leave in the honeycomb so that it can maturage” (SADER, 2020). The properties derived from the botanical origin of honey, since when collecting nectar and pollen from the plants that bees visit, they also subtract secondary metabolites that can be beneficial to human health. The objective of the study was to identify the melliferous flora with ornamental and medicinal potential in the apiaries of the state of Yucatán. The results of this This work will make it possible to potentiate the use of plants in different areas of science, such as medicine and ornamental trade, as part of the methodology applied to the present study, the species that were near the apiaries were collected and identified, each plant was categorized according to its (melliferous, ornamental and medicinal). Subsequently, a palinoteca was made with the same collected material that served as a reference to determine the botanical origin of the honeys in the state of Yucatan. Forty four flowering species were identified during visits to apiaries belonging to the families Acanthaceae, Agavaceae, Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Bignoniaceae, Boraginaceae, Cactaceae, Capparaceae, Commelinaceae, Convolvulaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Lythraceae, Malpighiaceae, Malaeceae, Moringidaceae, Polygonaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Solanaceae, Urticaceae and Verbenaceae. The plants identified, 40 were for melliferous use, 28 for ornamental and 48 for medicinal use. Fifty five species with their morphological description of the pollen were annexed to the palynological plate collection of Center for Research and Assistance in Technology and Design of the State of Jalisco, A.C. Southeast Subsedence. The honeys examined were classified as monofloral of two important species in the state Piscidia piscipula and Gymnopodium floribundum.

Keywords : Honey; Diversity; Flora; Apiaries; Yucatan; pollen.

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