Resumen

NARVAEZ-ELIZONDO, R. E. et al. Edible ethnoflora of the southern tepehuans of Durango, Mexico. Polibotánica [online]. 2020, n.50, pp.245-277.  Epub 25-Nov-2020. ISSN 1405-2768.  https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.50.15.

A fundamental piece of the Mexican biocultural heritage is the traditional knowledge about edible plants. There are significant advances in inventorying those resources at country scale; nevertheless, inventories in poorly studied ethnic groups remain greatly incomplete. The aim of this work was to organize analyze and discuss information about edible wild plants used by the Southern Tepehuan of Durango, Mexico. Based on field work, unpublished ethnobotanical reports and herbarium specimens, we generated a database that includes taxonomic, ecological and ethnobotanical information. These data were analyzed in terms of taxonomic composition, richness, ecological distribution, management and use patterns. Additionally, separate lists of edible wild plants reported in the literature were prepared for the other three main ethnic groups of the Sierra Madre Occidental and a comparative similitude analysis was carried out. For the Southern Tepehuan ethnoflora, a total of 122 species, 84 genera and 46 families were registered. Asparagaceae, Asteraceae, Cactaceae, Fabaceae and Solanaceae account for 39% of the species. The richest genera are Agave (9 species), Opuntia and Physalis (4 species each), and Begonia, Dahlia and Tagetes (3 species each). Fruits are the part of the plants more used, raw food is the main form of consumption, and simple gathering the main management form. The comparison of this ethnoflora with that of the three other largest ethnic groups of the Sierra Madre Occidental (Huichol, Northern Tepehuan, and Tarahumara) suggests a similar richness and floristic patterns. The similarity analysis results indicate that the edible ethnoflora of the Southern Tepehuans is mainly related with that of the Huicholes, their geographically closest neighbors. This inventory fills an important information gap and is a basis to develop further research and strategies for the use and conservation of the biocultural heritage in Durango.

Palabras llave : biocultural heritage; Mezquital; O'dam; Sierra Madre Occidental; useful plants.

        · resumen en Español     · texto en Inglés     · Inglés ( pdf )