Abstract

JUAREZ-DELGADO, J.C. et al. The subsidies of traditional production units to extensive livestock in Huautla MORELOS, Mexico. Polibotánica [online]. 2018, n.46, pp.327-340. ISSN 1405-2768.  https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.46.21.

The transformation of ecosystems is a consequence of economic and technological activities of the societies. In this sense, it is useful to analyze ranching through techniques of taxonomic Botany, ethnobotany, ecology and economy of natural resources. In addition, as axis the temporal and spatial relationship of the management and use of forage resources of the tropical deciduous forest and the grains and byproducts of seasonal agriculture. Livestock production in Huautla, Morelos, is based on exchanges between the processes of appropriation of the low deciduous forest and traditional agricultural system; their products are directed to the livelihood and income of the community and maintain the social reproduction. For this study raised the following objectives, explain the forage contributions deciduous and seasonal cattle agriculture and describe ranching production costs. 100% of the farmers interviewed openly to the Ethnobotanical information and gather information from production costs with emphasis on food for the cattle. The results confirm that respondents verbally transmit knowledge about the value of forage use of wild plants and crop residues. Interaction with the natural vegetation is that it provides plants with forage use value to extensive cattle production during the rainy season and is additionally reinforced with other appropriations with honey extraction, animal wild, fish and plants of the same vegetation with other values for use as fuel, medicine, food, ornamental dye and mystical religious. During the drought, livestock is fed with the byproducts of seasonal agriculture. Both forms of livestock food management have economic subsistence logic because the fate of the by-products milk and cheese is for local and regional marketing. Food in the two seasons of the year replace the balanced and therefore production costs are reduced, however, it is concluded, that wild species of deciduous and plants grown in agriculture are subsidies that give the economic profitability of cattle ranching because they allow social equity in the distribution of earnings, but the impacts on wild vegetation cancelled its ecological income-yield capacity. Despite this, poverty and asymmetry faced by the inhabitants of this village, ranching is an alternative of survival that holds the social fabric and the sense of community. Regarding the economic valuation, the social group, by means of social work organized, joins spatially and temporally the appropriation of the resources of wild flora as cultivated with the production process that allows them to obtain income by means the sale of products to acquire external goods for your family.

Keywords : traditional production unit; ranching; forage species; economic valuation and management.

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