Resumo

ARIAS, Luz Marina  e  CALLE ROBLES, Luis Miguel de la. The Legacies of Independence War and Revolution on Criminal Violence in Mexico. Am. Lat. Hist. Econ [online]. 2021, vol.28, n.2, e1117.  Epub 06-Jul-2021. ISSN 2007-3496.  https://doi.org/10.18232/alhe.1117.

This paper offers a novel approach to the study of criminal violence in Mexico by focusing on its historical connections with the War of Independence and the Revolution. We find that criminal violence is mainly concentrated in municipalities that had a rebel presence during the Mexican Revolution. In turn, the municipalities where royalist militias were created during the War of Independence show less criminal violence today. This legacy of violence appears to travel through two causal paths. Firstly, the most violent municipalities today are those that had on average a lower presence of indigenous institutions during the viceroyalty (the so-called Pueblos de Indios). Second, municipalities with a higher local state capacity in the late 19th century are better at containing contemporary criminal violence. In contrast, the various land reforms of the authoritarian period do not appear to have a systematic effect on reducing criminal violence.

Palavras-chave : violence; civil wars; Mexican Independence; criminality.

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