Objective:

Evaluate the clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients with primary ovarian failure.

Materials and Methods:

An observational, cross-sectional and ambispective study carried out in patients treated between 2005 and 2017 in the National Institute of Perinatology with a diagnosis of primary ovarian failure. The patients were classified into groups according to the origin of the condition. The ANOVA test with Bonferroni correction was used to identify differences in the quantitative variables in the four study groups. A nonlinear model of CHAID type (X2 automatic interaction detector) was performed, with the purpose of predicting the age at the beginning of the hormonal therapy according to the origin of the ovarian insufficiency.

Results:

98 patients were studied; 70 of them (71%) were classified idiopathic; 16 (17%) chromosomal and 12 (12%) autoimmune organ-specific. In the clinical characteristics, it was observed that patients with chromosomal etiology had spontaneous menopause before the age of 30 (80%); in those of surgical origin it was after 30 years (53.8%). In relation to bone mineral density, women with primary ovarian insufficiency of chromosomal origin were found to have less bone mass at the time of diagnosis compared to the other causes; the lumbar spine (L1 to L4) was the most affected.

Conclusion:

The main cause of spontaneous primary ovarian failure in the sample studied was idiopathic, followed by chromosomal and organ-specific autoimmune. 12% had a family history, in first grade, of primary ovarian failure. The need for genetic counseling is obvious.

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