Resumo

GALVEZ MEDRANO, Arturo. 1810 y el fantasma de la libertad. Argumentos (Méx.) [online]. 2009, vol.22, n.60, pp. 243-263. ISSN 0187-5795.

There were many reasons joined as background for the independence of the Spaniard colonies in America, but the Napolion's invasions in European latitudes were the most immediate detonating action. This was due to the fact that the value of liberty was regained in a double sense: as the common issue in the bourgeois revolutions, with all their implications, and the consciousness of realizing that, facing an intervention, people must fight against it to take away any kind of foreign imposition. In New Spain (Mexico, before the independence), although the colonialism and its false values were implemented during three hundred years, those persons who dared to challenge and fight the established order were considered as crazy people. When they demonstrated the advantages of emancipation, their movement became a revolution, and their death turned them into martyrs. Their brief writings represented a political ideology and were useful to continue the struggle. At the end, the crazy and patriotic ones were transformed into heroes, and their ideals, when printed, became a political will with their valuable principles for the nation.

Palavras-chave : Independence; colonialism; church; persecution; pursuit; lecture; proscribed writings; heroes; liberty; freedom.