Resumo

AGUILAR CARPIO, Cid et al. Agronomic efficiency, grain yield and profitability of maize genotypes in function of nitrogen. Terra Latinoam [online]. 2016, vol.34, n.4, pp.419-429. ISSN 2395-8030.

To increase maize yields, high investments in nitrogen fertilization are needed. Therefore, it is imperative to be efficient in the use of water and nitrogen (N) during production. Nitrogen improves the composition of proteins in grain, but in excess it is harmful to human health. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of nitrogen in genotypes of maize on a) occurrence of phenological phases, (b) dry matter production and yield, (c) water and nitrogen use efficiency, (d) nitrogen content and protein in grain, and e) profitability. The genotypes Michoacán-21, HS-2 and Promesa with 0, 80, and 160 kg N ha-1 were planted in Montecillo, State of Mexico, in June 2011. The phenological phases, dry matter (DM), grain yield (GY), nitrogen content, protein, water and nitrogen use efficiency (WUE and NUE) as well as economic profitability at physiological maturity were recorded. Differences among genotypes in phenological phases were observed. The response to nitrogen among genotypes was variable. The highest DM was achieved with Promesa and 80 kg N ha-1. The highest GY was obtained with Promesa with 160 kg N ha-1. The highest WUE and NUE were achieved in Promesa with 80 kg N ha‑1. The highest content of nitrogen and protein was found in HS-2 with 160 kg N ha-1. The highest net income ($12 685.90) was achieved with Promesa and 80 kg N ha-1.

Palavras-chave : fertilization; grain; urea.

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