Abstract

BARRIOS, Mónica Beatriz et al. Root biomass/total ratio in soybean ( Glycine max ) under two tillage systems. Terra Latinoam [online]. 2014, vol.32, n.3, pp.221-230. ISSN 2395-8030.

Soybean is the main crop in Argentina due to adaptation to soils, the incorporation of technology with the use of no tillage and the international market price. Physical, chemical and biological properties of each soil are modified by tillage system. These environments generated by tillage affect the growth and functional balance of herbaceous crops. In the year 2006, a test was set up in Ezeiza (Rolling Pampa) to evaluate the effects of tillage system on the functional balance between root biomass and total biomass in soybean (Glycine max) during 2012/2013 growing cycle. A randomized complete block design was used with two treatments: no tillage (SD) and conventional tillage (LC) and four blocks. Weight of aboveground biomass, leaf area, yields and root weight (0-10 and 10-20 cm) of each individual plot were measured, and total biomass and the relationship between root biomass and total biomass was determined. Root weight was determined with the method of the cylinder, leaf area with Iproplus software and yield was estimated with square sample. Results were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and treatment means were compared using the Tukey test (P < 0.05). The effect of tillage systems generated different responses depending on the evaluated variable and sampling date. In LC total biomass, aboveground biomass, root and LAI were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in SD at different phenological stages of the crop cycle. Grain yield was higher in LC than in SD; however, the tillage system did not affect the root biomass/total biomass ratio.

Keywords : tillage; soil properties; root growth; functional balance.

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