Resumen

SANCHEZ-HERNANDEZ, Rufo et al. Carbon Content in Soils with Several Farming Uses in the Mexican Tropic. Terra Latinoam [online]. 2011, vol.29, n.2, pp.211-219. ISSN 2395-8030.

The soil is a store of carbon (C) very important in the mitigation of the greenhouse gases, due to the fact that it protects physically the organic matter (OM). For it, a study was realized in a Rain Technificated District in the South part of the Tabasco State, to quantify the C associated with soils under several uses. A supervised classification of satellite images was realized to identify the more frequent uses and soil classes, soil samples at 0-15 cm y 15-30 cm depth were obtained. The results indicated that the more frequent uses were: grassland, eucalyptus, cocoa and citric plantations and small areas of rice and pineapple. The predominant soils in the study area were the Eutric Vertisols (VReu), Distric Plintosols (PTdy), Plintic Acrisols (ACpl), Humic Acrisols (AChu) and Gleyic Acrisols (ACgl), these soils differ in the genetic origin of the parent material, age and environmental exposition; its characteristics together with the contribution of organic residues of each soil use, regulated the accumulation in the organic matter (OM) and C in both depths. The major OM and C accumulation were registered in the surface and decreased to 36% at 15 cm depth. The soil uses that accumulated OM and C were pineapple, citric, eucalyptus and grassland; the less account were registered in rice, sugarcane and cocoa. The major OM and C accumulation were registered in crops established on PTdy and ACpl, these soils present acidity that closely affect the OM decomposition. The VReu and ACgl present high clay content and, acidity around five; these conditions facilitate the OM decomposition and does not allow OC accumulation in the soil profile.

Palabras llave : soil organic matter; acidity; highland; alluvial; clayey.

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