Resumen

SALGADO-GARCIA, Sergio et al. A Sustainable Fertilization Program for the Sugar Complex Pujiltic in Chiapas, Mexico. Terra Latinoam [online]. 2008, vol.26, n.4, pp.361-373. ISSN 2395-8030.

This work was carried out to determine fertilization rates for the different types of soil in which sugarcane is cultivated in the sugar complex Pujiltic, Chiapas, Mexico. Cartographic soil subunits were identified through interpretation of aerial photographs, field observations, and soil drilling to a depth of 1.2 m. In each subunit, the agrologic profiles were described and physical and chemical analyses were done to classify the soil according to the World Soil Map. Five Thiessen's polygons were created; precipitation fluctuated between 920 and 1250 mm. Fertilization rates of N, P₂O₅, and K₂O for each soil subunit were estimated using a conceptual model. This model is based on the balance of nutrient demand of the crop, nutrients supplied by the soil, and fertilizer efficiency. To estimate demand, dry matter production and N, P, and K accumulation of the sugarcane aerial biomass were determined. P and K supply was calculated from the results of soil chemical analysis, plus the N contributions from crop residues and their management. Nine major soil groups were found and classified as subunits. The fertilization rates adjusted for each soil subunit were (N, P₂O₅, K₂O, kg ha^-1): 1208080 for Chernic Chernozem (Pachic Argiudoll), Mollic Cambisols (Humic Eutrudept), Calcaric Fluvisols (Oxyaquic Udifluvent), and Calcaric Regosols (Oxyaquic Udorthent); 160-80-80 for Hypocalcic Calcisols (Typic Calciudoll), Rendzic Leptosols (Lithic Haprendoll) and Eutric Vertisols (Oxyaquic Hapludert); 120-60-60 for Vertic Calcisols (Vertic Calciudoll) and Pachileptic Phaeozens (Pachic Hapludoll); 140-80120 for Mollic Gleysols (Typic Endoaquoll) and 100-60-60 for Pellicalcic Vertisols (Aquic Hapludert).

Palabras llave : Saccharum officinarum; fertilizer recommendation; soil unit; conceptual model.

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