OBJECTIVE:

To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome in a cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematous and its relationship with disease activity and cardiovascular risks factors.

MATERIAL AND METHOD:

A descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study including patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematous according to the SLICC 2012 criteria, disease activity was evaluated through SLEDAI 2K from June 2015 to June 2016. The presence of metabolic syndrome was established according to the NECP ATP III criteria. Categorical variables were compared with χ2 and the continuous ones with Mann-Withney U or Student t. Finally, a logistic regression multivariate model was used to determine the association of the studied variables and the metabolic syndrome.

RESULTS:

One hundred two patients were included; from which 41 % of the patients presented with metabolic syndrome (60% of men and 39% of women). The main alterations were hypoalphalipoproteinemia (75.5%), elevated abdominal circumference (63%) and hypertriglyceridemia (60%). It was observed that with a higher number of components of the metabolic syndrome a major disease activity existed. An SLEDAI 2K index ≥ 4 was associated independently with the presence of metabolic syndrome (RR 2.89; IC 1.21-6.89; p=0.017). Hydroxicloroquine use was associated in an independent manner with the absence of the metabolic syndrome (RR 0.48; IC 0.19-0.39; p=0.14). Statistic significance was found between disease activity and hypoalphalipoproteinemia (p=0.007) and hypertriglyceridemia (p=0.035).

CONCLUSION:

There is a high frequency of metabolic syndrome in patients with systemic lupus erythematous, which is associated with disease activity.

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