Resumen

AGUIRRE-VEGA, Ricardo et al. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of Azadirachta indica and Piper auritum extracts against uredospore germination of Hemileia vastatrix. Rev. mex. fitopatol [online]. 2022, vol.40, n.3, pp.458-473.  Epub 14-Nov-2022. ISSN 2007-8080.  https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2205-1.

Coffee (Coffea arabica) production is one of the most economically important industrial activities in México. However, coffee production faces phytosanitary problems in the form of coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix). The main goal of the present study was to evaluate extracts from Azadirachta indica and Piper auritum as potential biofungicides. In in vitro assays, ethanolic and non-polar foliar extracts from A. indica and P. auritum were applied in three concentrations 1000, 3000, and 5000 ppm, against H. vastatrix. While in the in vivo assay, only ethanolic extracts were applied to coffee plants Typica diseased with H. vastatrix. Both extracts inhibited about 99% of the germination of H. vastatrix uredospores in vitro. On coffee plants of “Typica” variety infected with H. vastatrix that were treated with the ethanolic extracts from P. auritum and A. indica, no disease appeared during the 20 days of treatment. The inhibitory effect was not significantly similar in those treated with copper oxychloride on days 15 and 20 (Tukey P ≤ 0.05). We suggest that the evaluated plant extracts are used as a natural alternative for the preventive control of H. vastatrix in small greenhouses.

Palabras llave : vegetable extracts; Biofungicide; Coffee rust.

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