Resumo

SAMANIEGO-GAXIOLA, José Alfredo; CHEW-MADINAVEITIA, Yasmín; GAYTAN-MASCORRO, Arturo  e  PEDROZA-SANDOVAL, Aurelio. Biological, anaerobic and reductive soil disinfestation to the soil for control of harmful organisms to plants. Rev. mex. fitopatol [online]. 2019, vol.37, n.1, pp.115-134.  Epub 21-Ago-2020. ISSN 2007-8080.  https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.1810-1.

The need to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides, lower costs, increase efficiency for the control of phytopathogens and to carry out organic agriculture, are reasons to improve and develop new control alternatives. The biological disinfestation (BSD), anaerobic (ASD) or reductive soil (RSD) are synonymous; in this review, the term RSD is used and the reason explained. The RSD is a method applied to the soil to reduce or eliminate bacteria, fungi, weeds, and nematodes that damage agricultural crops. This technique consists in adding a source of easily oxidized organic carbon such as crop residues, seeds, green manure, etc., cover with plastic and saturate or flood the soil. In this way, the carbon source decomposes in an anaerobic condition, the soil acidifies, the oxidation-reduction potential reaches reductive values ​​ (-100 to -400 mV) and short-chain volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are generated. The VFAs are lethal for weeds and phytopathogens in the soil. In this essay the subject of the RSD, shows a historical approach, the principles that sustain it, proposals for improvement and evaluation of its variants are made, and practical applications are presented.

Palavras-chave : Volatile fatty acids; flood; oxidation-reduction potential; pH.

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