Resumo

PEDROZA SANDOVAL, Aurelio; TREJO CALZADA, Ricardo; CHAVEZ RIVERO, José Antonio  e  SAMANIEGO GAXIOLA, José Alfredo. Tolerance to Water and Plant Stress Through Agronomic and Physiological Indicators in Different Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties. Rev. mex. fitopatol [online]. 2013, vol.31, n.2, pp.91-104. ISSN 2007-8080.

Pest, plant diseases and drought are the main problems in the production of beans. The objective of this study was to evaluate, from a plant health perspective, the response of different bean cultivars to Field Capacity (FC), and Permanent Wilting Point (PWP) of soil moisture. A randomized complete block design arranged in split-plot treatments was used. The main insect pests were the leafhopper (Empoasca kraemeri) and the leaf miner (Xenochalepus signaticollis). The main plant diseases during the season were the pre and post-emergence plant death (Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium sp.), common blight (Xanthomonas phaseoli) and bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). No significant interaction effect was detected between factors. Mayocoba bean cultivar was significantly more affected in pre and post-emergence plant death (62.5 %), but less damaged by common blight. In general, the pre and post-emergent plant death was higher (35.7 %), when the plant soil moisture was near to PWP, associated to less conductance and transpiration, but higher photosynthetic efficiency, compared to when soil moisture was near FC. Pinto Americano cultivar was able to maintain photosynthesis stability to the change of optimum to suboptimum soil content.

Palavras-chave : Plant stress; Beans cultivar; Photosynthesis; Plant Diseases.

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