Abstract

WILLIAMS-ALANIS, Héctor et al. Incidence of head smut Sporisorium reilianum (Kühn) Langdon and Fullerton in grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] hybrids. Rev. mex. fitopatol [online]. 2009, vol.27, n.1, pp.36-44. ISSN 2007-8080.

Sorghum head smut (Sporisorium reilianum) is an important disease in Northern Tamaulipas, Mexico. In some years, this disease may affect sorghum susceptible genotypes up to 80% in certain areas. In this study, the reaction of 49 experimental and commercial grain sorghum hybrids to S. reilianum was evaluated, with the objective to identify resistant hybrids to this disease (0-3% incidence), which could be used as parental lines. The evaluation was conducted under irrigation and natural infection in Empalme County in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico, during the Fall-Winter seasons 2005-2006 and 2006-2007. The experimental design was a duplicated simple latice 7 x 7 with four replications. Commercial and experimental resistant hybrids with acceptable grain yield (4 ton ha^-1) were detected; the most outstanding were Pioneer 82G63, RB-5x204, RB-118x437, Asgrow Ámbar, RB-118x204 and RB-119x430 with 0, 0.8, 1.1, 1.2, 1.6, and 2.1% incidence, respectively. The parental lines that produced the most resistant hybrids were the female line 46038 and male lines Tx-437 and LRB-204. They generated the most resistant experimental hybrid 46038x437 with only 0.2% incidence of head smut.

Keywords : Hybrid selection; parental lines; resistance.

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