Abstract

FLORES-LOPEZ, Hugo Ernesto; IRETA-MORENO, Javier  and  RUIZ-CORRAL, José Ariel. Meteorological factors associated with head scab (Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Rev. mex. fitopatol [online]. 2007, vol.25, n.2, pp.102-108. ISSN 2007-8080.

Fusarium head blight of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a disease that occurs during the flowering under cool and humid conditions and reduces grain yield and quality. During 1998 and 1999 wheat cultivars Arandas F-90, Eneida F-94, Batán F-96, and the experimental line Castrejón had four and five planting dates. The phenology was recorded and 100 spikes of each genotype and planting date were collected to determine the relative disease index (RDI). Maximum and minimum temperatures, rainfall, and evaporation were registered and the effect of the RDI on yield was evaluated by regression analysis. The best equation that predicts the RDI on climatic variables was selected through Curv Expert v. 1.38 software. In 1998 the RDI had a lower value because of late planting dates; its effect on yield is shown by the equation YIELD = 3428.6 RDI-418.09 (r² = 0.68). In 1999 was less intense as shown by YIELD = 3697.6 RDI-872.37 (r² = 0.176). The relationship between RDI and the climatic variables showed a curve line tendency with the following critical values minimum temperature > 11°C, average temperature > 16.5°C, thermic oscilation < 13.4°C, and rainfall > 30 mm.

Keywords : Phenology; relative disease index; Fusarium graminearum.

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