Abstract

MANZO-SANCHEZ, Gilberto; JAMES-KAY, Andrew; ORTIZ-VAZQUEZ, Elizabeth  and  SIMPSON-WILLIAMSON, June. Development of genetical and physical maps of phytopathogenic fungi: Applications and perspectives. Rev. mex. fitopatol [online]. 2007, vol.25, n.1, pp.54-65. ISSN 2007-8080.

The objective of this review is to inform about the progress achieved on genome mapping of phytopathogenic fungi, its main advantages, and applications. In order to better understand and manage pathogens, genetic linkage maps have been developed for some phytopathogenic fungi; also, through support of DNA markers it has been possible to map and identify some genes of interest [avirulence/pathogenicity genes, MAT (mating type) locus, some which are involved in toxin production, and pigment production, mainly intersterile]. On the other hand, one of the main uses of physical maps is to locate and identify the region of a particular gene within a chromosome. Some genes are used as primers to hybridize with a specific chromosome, for example: ribosomal DNA (DNAr), â-tubuline (âtub), superoxidise dismutase (sodl), nitrate reductase (niaD), histidine kinase 7 (Skn-7), and opsine (ops), just to mention some of them. In order to understand the structure, function, and evolution of the genome of phytopathogenic fungi, some research groups maintain priorities like: Producing genetic maps of high density, develop physical maps, obtain the complete sequence of the genome, and to locate genes based on sequences (EST's or genome sequences) known by sequence similarity.

Keywords : DNA markers; avirulence genes; electrophoretic karyotype; genetic map; physical maps.

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