Abstract

RACCAH, Pierre-Yves. Puntos de vista y persona: cuestiones de semántica. Acta poét [online]. 2004, vol.25, n.2, pp.203-254. ISSN 2448-735X.

In this paper, I present a semantic framework, the View Point Semantics (VPS), inspired by some of Oswald Ducrot's ideas, and based on two types of reflections: one type consists of a set of reflections on the relationship between science, belief and observation; the other type is the study of a set of interdisciplinary questions on the relationship between semantics, cognition an culture. The paper first reminds the reader why the only reality to which we, as human observers, have access is constructed, and why that construction is constrained by cultural biases and beliefs, shared among the members of the cultural community. Through a metaphor, the paper then illustrates the role of myths and identification in the construction of subjective personality. That way of conceiving personality and subjectivity, through the notion of view points, will be shown to open to a new conception of semantics, vps, which can be considered to be a continuation of the theory of Argumentation Within Language, for it centrally uses the concept of topos. In addition to presenting the general framework of vps, the paper also details its descriptive model, emphasizing new findings, improvements and extensions, with respect to the classical topical model, as it is used in Discourse Analysis: among others, the topical description of lexicon, the foundations of a contrastive semantics, and the topical representation of knowledge and of socially shared beliefs. In a critical conclusion, the paper discusses various external and internal objections, and presents the great lines of the main research programmes that are now developed within VPS.

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