Resumo

PALLARES PIQUER, Marc; CHIVA BARTOLL, Óscar; PLANELLA, Jordi  e  LOPEZ MARTIN, Ramón. Repensando la educación. Trayectoria y futuro de los sistemas educativos modernos. Perfiles educativos [online]. 2019, vol.41, n.163, pp.143-157. ISSN 0185-2698.

The purpose of this article is to reflect on the dual nature of educational reforms required by advanced societies: as an element of political-sociological knowledge, and as a social regulatory action. On the methodological level, the paper proposes a hermeneutic reading of the primary representations of educational change, and underscores that reforms should not be subordinated solely to the sociological needs of the moment. Accordingly, it identifies demands for change that emerged with PISA, as well as the critiques that this assessment model has received. The main results of the international studies analyzed show that comparison of educational systems and students based on PISA fails to prove that the same cause-and-effect relations can be generalized to all countries. In conclusion, it is found to be important, first, to address the social context in which each educational reform will be applied, and second, to act in all spheres of the system.

Palavras-chave : Educational reform; PISA; Educational policy; Educational system; School efficacy.

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