Resumo

HERNANDEZ-AGUILAR, Raquel Adriana. Cultura material de chimpancés que ocupan un hábitat seco en Issa, Ugalla, Tanzania. Cuicuilco [online]. 2011, vol.18, n.50, pp.27-54. ISSN 0185-1659.

This paper reports on the material culture (specifically nests and tools) of the chimpanzees of Issa, Ugalla, western Tanzania. Ugalla is one of the driest, most open, and seasonal habitats where chimpanzees live. The methods used were archaeological, as the chimpanzees were not habituated and behavioural observations were rare. Two types of data are reviewed: 1. Spatial and temporal distribution of nests, and 2. Tool use. Nests were highly concentrated in some parts of the landscape, the majority of nesting sites were reused, and the chimpanzees preferred to nest on slopes. Evidence for the use of three types of tools was found: Termite fishing, Strychnos fruit fracture, and USO (Underground Storage Organ) digging. This last type of tool use has not been reported for any other chimpanzee study site. Issa chimpanzees extensively used the open vegetation types of their habitat. Implications of these data for early hominin behaviour are discussed.

Palavras-chave : Savanna chimpanzees; material culture; Tool use; Nests; Hominins.

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