Resumen

RUIZ-GOMEZ, Juan et al. Seroprevalence of antibodies against poliovirus type 1 in Mexican children. Salud pública Méx [online]. 2007, vol.49, suppl.3, pp.s361-s369. ISSN 0036-3634.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the frequency and distribution of the prevalence of antibodies against the poliomyelitis type 1 virus in children 1-9 years old in Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Antibodies against poliovirus type 1 (neutralization method) were studied in 6 270 sera selected from the 24 232 sera from children one to nine years old, collected by the 2000 National Health Survey (ENSA 2000) that was conducted from November 1999 to June 2000. RESULTS: Overall seroprevalence was 99.3% (95%CI: 99.1-99.7). Using bivariate analysis, absence of antibodies was shown to be associated with illiteracy (OR= 1.5, p=0.002) and low household income (OR= 1.4, p=0.0487), while those children having access to social security (OR= 0.41 p=0.04) had a higher likelihood of having protective antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: The vaccination program activities conducted by health institutions have been successful in the control and eradication of the disease. However, a note of caution is necessary since the expansion of data reveals that although seroprevalence of antibodies has an upper limit of 99.3%, 0.7% of children (roughly 190 000) are susceptible to developing the disease. Most of these children live in the southern regions of the country.

Palabras llave : antibodies against poliovirus type 1; seroepidemiology of poliomyelitis; OPV; Mexico.

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