Resumen

VILLALPANDO, Salvador et al. Body mass index associated with hyperglycemia and alterations of components of metabolic syndrome in Mexican adolescents. Salud pública Méx [online]. 2007, vol.49, suppl.3, pp.s324-s330. ISSN 0036-3634.

OBJECTIVE: This research aims to describe the epidemiology of obesity and its association with alterations in some components of metabolic syndrome, such as serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, and some lipids in a sub-sample of the Mexican Health Survey (MHS) of youth ages 10 to 19 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This analysis is based on a randomly selected sub-sample of the MHS of 20% of the youth ages 10 to19 years (n=1977), carried-out in Mexico in the year 2000 and distinguishes differences between national, rural and urban areas as well as four geographical country regions. Serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and HDL-cholesterol (HDLc) were measured. The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Mexican National Institute of Public Health. RESULTS: Overall, 14.8% of the individuals were overweight, 6.7% were obese and 37.5% had a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The overall mean concentrations of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were significantly higher and those of HDLc were significantly lower in obese subjects than in individuals with normal Body Mass Index (BMI) (p< 0.05-0.001). The probability ratio (PR) of being in quintile 5 for glucose distribution was significantly higher for obese males and females (RP=2.1, p<0.001) than for their non-obese counterparts. It was also higher for females with a history of DM2 (RP=1.12, p<0.02), but not for males. The PR of being in quintile 5 for insulin distribution was significantly higher for obese males (RP=3.51, p<0.001) and females (RP=3.3, p<0.001) than for non-obese counterparts. It was also higher for male (RP=1.28, p<0.02) and female (RP=1.27, p<0.02) subjects with a history of DM2. Finally, the PR for being in quintile 5 for TG distribution was significantly higher for obese males (RP=4.71, p<0.001) and females (RP=1.75, p<0.001) than for their non-obese counterparts. DISCUSSION: A strong association between obesity and the risk of higher concentrations of glucose, insulin, TG, and TC and a lower concentration of HDLc in youth has been demonstrated. These findings stress the risk of obesity at these early ages, with alterations in some of the components of metabolic syndrome.

Palabras llave : obesity; adolescents; hyperglycemia; insulin; cholesterol; HDL-cholesterol.

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