Resumo

GARIBAY-NIETO, Nayely  e  MIRANDA-LORA, América Liliana. Impact of fetal programming and nutrition during the first year of life in obesity development and its complications. Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. [online]. 2008, vol.65, n.6, pp.451-467. ISSN 1665-1146.

Fetal programming refers to abnormal somatic and functional development of target tissues in response to over nutrition or to adverse stimulus with a deficient supply of nutrients and oxygen through the placenta that is experienced during crucial periods of fetal growth. These early responses may have an impact on metabolic processes and hormonal homeostasis resulting in functional aberrations and metabolic diseases during childhood tracking into adulthood. The greater propensity to obesity is characterized by central and visceral adipose tissue deposit, lack of skeletal muscle development and insulin resistance related cardio metabolic risk factors. Nutritional programming during early infancy is influenced by accelerated postnatal growth induced by hypercaloric over nutrition that seems to be independent of birth weight. Although controversies may exist, breastfeeding must be encouraged since multiple advantages including obesity prevention have been described. The recognition that intrauterine insult as well as early life nutritional experiences have a role in the etiology of obesity epidemic suggests that interventional measures should be directed towards improvement of a healthy nutrition in mothers, babies, infants and children.

Palavras-chave : Obesity; fetal; factors; nutritional; factors; nutrition disorders; over nutrition; growth; fetal.

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