Resumo

SANCHEZ-DOMINGUEZ, Samuel; MUNOZ-OROZCO, Abel; GONZALEZ-HERNANDEZ, Victor A.  e  MARTINEZ-GARZA, Ángel. Characterization and classification of mexican peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) germ plasm. Agrociencia [online]. 2006, vol.40, n.2, pp.171-182. ISSN 2521-9766.

Due to the great variety of environments in México which induce a considerable genotype-environment interaction, and for the purpose of generating basic information for future investigators, a study was made of 64 accessions and varieties of peanut that were planted in the summer of 1988 in two localities of the State of Morelos: Cuauchichinola (good environment, S0) and Miacatlán (limiting environment, S1). Measurements were taken of 33 characteristics, with which analyses were made of variance and clusters. Number of mature fruits, number of gynophores, seed weight, pod length and stem color presented higher values in S1 than in S. Plant height, biological yield, percentage of coverage 0 and percentage of oil in the seed showed higher values in S0 than in S1. The genotypic interaction with environment was significant in number of immature fruits, pod reticulation and percentage of soil cover. When considering the generic genetic effects (G) through cluster analysis, four groups of relationship were formed. When the component G×S was involved, which measures the effects of interaction, groups were formed that were different from those of G. Thus, a classification of germ plasm is more complete if both the G component and the G×S interaction are considered, because it involves generic genetic effects (they are expressed under both conditions, S0 and S1) and specific genetic effects (only expressed 01 under a limiting condition).

Palavras-chave : Arachis hypogaea L.; dry environment; cluster analysis; genotype-environment interaction.

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