Resumo

ARGENTEL MARTINEZ, Leandris et al. Effect of salinity on calli of wheat varieties during in vitro culture. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2017, vol.8, n.3, pp.477-488. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v8i3.25.

The effect of salinity on the stress tolerance degree and the radioinduction effectiveness of callus mutations of three common wheat varieties during in vitro culture was studied. The researcg was developed at the Center for Genetic Engineering Biotechnology (CIGB) of Havana, Cuba in the period from November 2015 to February 2016 in a genetic improvement program for tolerance to salt stress in in vitro culture phase. The variables cell permeability, peroxidase activity, soluble protein concentration and abscisic acid synthesis were evaluated at 24 h, 30 days and 70 days of callus exposure to treatments, which consisted of electrical conductivities (EC) of 0.02, 5, 7, 9 dS m-1 in the culture medium. An increase in PMC was observed at 24 h as the initial salinity stimulating effect, values that decreased as the EC and the time of exposure to stress increased. Peroxidase activity increased to 7 dS m-1 in all three varieties but the trend was to be maintained or decreased when CE increased. Similar response showed total soluble proteins. The concentration of ABA increased by more than 25 units in the varieties and the hypothesis of its synthesis was ruled out from photosynthetic and protective pigments.The evaluation showed the positive effect of radioinduction on wheat tolerance to saline stress.

Palavras-chave : Triticum aestivum L.; ABA; callus; salinity; wheat.

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