Introduction:

The civilizational crisis demands that the academy develops comprehensive visions of the problems to be addressed. This requires promoting reflection, self-evaluation and work in transdisciplinary2 teams. This implies deepening reflection and analysis of the results of experimental research in order to amplify their impact, as well as combining and integrating quantitative and qualitative methods in order to enrich future experiences. The objective of this article is to emphasize the importance of building transdisciplinary bridges to contribute to the advancement of knowledge and promote self-criticism in research work. For this reason, a quantitative approach was used to evaluate six annual plant species as sub-crops, which can accompany corn and guide beans in the Milpa Intercropped with Fruit Trees (MIAF) system adapted to a mazahua milpa system in the northwestern region of the State of Mexico and on the other, from the qualitative, the theoretical framework of Participatory Action Research (PAR) is proposed to analyze the limitations and scope of the implementation of the experiment in order to enrich future initiatives and form transdisciplinary teams.

Method:

In the evaluation of six undergrown crops, in a first stage the effect of the Topological Arrangement (AT) on yield and some of its components was considered to determine that annual undergrown crops (ST) can be interspersed with associated corn and guide beans and their impact. in the Relative Efficiency of the Earth (ERT). The undergrown crops were: broad bean (Vicia faba L.), husk tomato (Physalis philadelphica Lam.), Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), mallow (Malva parviflora L), papa juilona (Solanum demissum Lindl.) and turnip (Brassica napus L.). The experimental design of divided plots was established and the relative yields were evaluated according to the TS that favored harvest in the association systems corn-guide bean with husk tomato, corn-guide bean with turnip and corn-guide bean with bean.

In the second part, the experience of implementing the experiment is analyzed from the theoretical framework of Participatory Action Research based on the concepts of Knowledge Dialogue and Contemporary Knowledge.

Results:

The total ERT of husk tomato with corn-guide beans was 1.1 in the 1x1 arrangement and 0.9 in the 2x2 arrangement. In turnip with associated corn-bean guide, the total ERT was 1.4 in the 1x1 arrangement and 1.4 for the 2x2 arrangement. In broad beans with associated corn-beans, the total ERT was 1.2 in the 1x1 arrangement and 0.9 in the 2x2 arrangement. The limitations of the impact of the research were identified by omitting to consider qualitative issues such as the ethnographic study of the region, the contemporary knowledge of the peasant family that allowed the experiment and of the surrounding families to have a broad panorama of the region, the dialogue of knowledge, the use of participatory methodologies to determine the crops relevant to the sociocultural and environmental context and involve the peasant family in a more active way and in a horizontal relation as research collaborators.

Conclusion:

Underground crops such as husk tomato and turnip interspersed with corn and guide beans are suitable for the MIAF system, they increased the productivity of the arable land, compared to simple crops in small production units. With these proposals, the milpa can be revitalized, however, experimental research should continue to be carried out that allow us a better understanding of each component. These should consider the dialogue of contemporary knowledge, for which the use of Participatory Action Research (PAR) is an essential tool to generate and disseminate sociocultural and environmentally useful knowledge through transdisciplinary bridges and self-criticism in research work.

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