Resumo

DIAZ-AZOCAR, Armando Antonio; BRAVO-SANTAMARIA, Robert José  e  VEGA-MEJIA, Rubén Darío. Effects on soils of a drilling fluid with petroleum coke as a filtering controller. Ing. invest. y tecnol. [online]. 2021, vol.22, n.4, e1752.  Epub 31-Jan-2022. ISSN 2594-0732.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fi.25940732e.2021.22.4.031.

Oil activities have always been considered a source of contamination of soils and aquifers. Thus, given the possible use of petroleum coke as a filtering controller in a water-based fluid, its effect was evaluated on two typical soils of areas of oil operations in Monagas state, Venezuela, such as Morichal and Orocual. These, when physically characterized, turned out to be sandy soils and sandy loam, respectively. The soils were contaminated with said fluid in three different concentrations and 24 h later they were sown with beans (Vigna unguiculata) as a bioindicator, observing their germination, growth, number of leaves and color for 21 days. Subsequently, the properties of pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity and exchangeable aluminum to soils were determined and compared with the maximum values allowed in articles 49 and 50 of Decree 2635. Finally, based on a factorial statistical design, it was applied an ANOVA (α = 0.05) and Duncan's test to establish differences between soils, concentrations and properties. The study allowed concluding that the effect of the addition of the drilling fluid in its different concentrations to the soils, caused different behaviors in the properties: pH, electrical conductivity, exchangeable aluminum and cation exchange capacity according to the type of soil analyzed.

Palavras-chave : Bioindicator; soil contamination; petroleum coke; water based fluid; filter controller.

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