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Revista Chapingo serie ciencias forestales y del ambiente
versión On-line ISSN 2007-4018versión impresa ISSN 2007-3828
Resumen
CERVANTES-MARTINEZ, Rosalinda et al. Historical bark beetle outbreaks in Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras (1985-2015) and their relationship with droughts. Rev. Chapingo ser. cienc. for. ambient [online]. 2019, vol.25, n.2, pp.269-290. Epub 19-Feb-2021. ISSN 2007-4018. https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2019.01.006.
Introduction:
In the United States of America, forest pests are associated with climate variability. Such studies are scarce in Mexico.
Objectives:
To create a data base of historical outbreaks of bark beetles and analyze their relationship with drought.
Materials and methods:
Historical records of outbreaks of bark beetles were obtained from official documents in Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras. Dendroclimatic indices were used as a climate proxy. The relationship between pest outbreaks and climate was analyzed with the Superpose Epoch Analysis (SEA).
Results and discussion:
A database of 120 years (1895-2015) of bark beetle outbreaks was created. The most frequent species were Dendroctonus mexicanus Hopkins, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann and Dendroctonus adjunctus Blandford. A total of 106 records of outbreaks in 15 states of Mexico were recorded during the period 1903-2015; 16 outbreaks in Guatemala during the period 1895-2013, and 15 outbreaks in Honduras during the period 1962-2015. Historically, outbreaks were recorded in years with below-average precipitation (550 mm) and have increased since 1970. The SEA determined that bark beetle outbreaks in Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras were recorded during dry years (P < 0.05) with non-significant positive values (P > 0.05) of NIÑO 3 and PDSI (Palmer Drought Severity Index) and significant negative indices (P < 0.01) of NIÑO 3 and PDSI in the year prior to the outbreak, conditions involving intense drought.
Conclusion:
A significant relationship was determined between bark beetle outbreaks and drought conditions for the last 120 years.
Palabras llave : Dendroctonus; conifers; climate variability; El Niño Southern Oscillation; Palmer Drought Severity Index.