A Network QoS Framework for Real-time Event Systems in highly Mobile Ad-hoc Environments

 

H. A. Duran-Limon*¹, M. Silier², M. Hernandez-Ochoa², C. Quevedo² and V. Robles²

 

¹ Information Systems Department, CUCEA, University of Guadalajara, Periferico Norte #799, Núcleo Belenes, 45100, Zapopan, Jalisco, México. *hduran@cucea.udg.mx

² CINVESTAV, Unidad Guadalajara, Av. Científica 1145, Col. el bajío, Zapopan, 45015, Jalisco, México.

 

Abstract

A new class of applications can now be envisaged with the emergence of both mobile ad hoc computing and ubiquitous computing, which imposes a number of new unsolved challenges. Examples of such applications include automatic car control systems and air traffic control systems. Applications of such kind have real-time constraints and are characterised by being highly mobile and proactive, i.e. able to operate without human intervention. Moreover, this kind of applications requires multiple-source multicasting. However, current approaches mainly focus on offering support for continuous flows in low mobile environments where single-source multicasting is assumed. In this paper, we present the QoSMMANET (QoS Management in Mobile Ad hoc Networks) framework, which offers QoS support for real-time event systems in highly mobile ad hoc environments. Our approach is validated by a number of experiments carried out in the ns-2 network simulator.

Keywords: QoS Framework, routing protocol, traffic differentiation and bandwidth allocation protocol.

 

Resumen

Una nueva clase de aplicaciones ahora puede ser prevista con la aparición tanto de la computación Ad-hoc móvil y la computación ubicua, que impone una serie de nuevos desafíos sin resolver. Ejemplos de tales aplicaciones son sistemas de control automático de automóviles y sistemas de control de tráfico aéreo. Aplicaciones de este tipo tienen restricciones de tiempo real y son caracterizadas por ser altamente móviles y activas, es decir, capaz de operar sin intervención humana. Además, este tipo de aplicaciones requiere una multidifusión con múltiples fuentes. Sin embargo, los enfoques actuales se centran principalmente en ofrecer soporte a flujos continuos en ambientes de baja movilidad donde se asume una multidifusión con una sola fuente. En este artículo, presentamos el QoSMMANET (QoS Management in Mobile Ad hoc Networks) framework, el cual ofrece soporte en calidad de servicio (QoS) para sistemas de eventos en tiempo real en entornos Ad-hoc altamente móviles. Nuestro enfoque ha sido validado por una serie de experimentos llevados a cabo en el simulador de red NS-2.

 

DESCARGAR ARTÍCULO EN FORMATO PDF

 

References

[1] Leszek Lilien, Zille Huma Kamal, Vijay Bhuse and Ajay Gupta. Opportunistic Networks: The Concept and Research: Challenges in Privacy and Security. Proc. NSF Intl. Workshop on Research Challenges in Security and Privacy for Mobile and Wireless Networks (WSPWN), 2006.         [ Links ]

[2] Pelusi, L.; Passarella, A.; Conti, M.; "Opportunistic networking: data forwarding in disconnected mobile ad hoc networks," Communications Magazine, IEEE, vol.44, no.11, pp. 134-141, November 2006.         [ Links ]

[3] Nishu Gargf, R.P. Mahapatra †, "MANET Security Issues", IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, vol.9, no.8, pp. 241-246, August 2009.         [ Links ]

[4] Calafate, C.T., Oliver, J., Cano, J., Manzoni, P., and Malumbres, "A distributed admission control system for MANET environments supporting multipath routing protocols," Microprocess. Microsyst. vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 236-251, Jun. 2007.         [ Links ]

[5] Pei, Y. and Ambetkar, "Distributed Flow Admission Control for Multimedia Services Over Wireless Ad Hoc Networks," Wirel. Pers. Commun. vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 23-40, Jul. 2007.         [ Links ]

[6] Ahn, G., Campbell, A. T., Veres, A., and Sun, L. "Supporting Service Differentiation for Real-Time and Best-Effort Traffic in Stateless Wireless Ad Hoc Networks (SWAN)". IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 192-207, Jul. 2002.         [ Links ]

[7] Lee, S.B., Gahng-Seop, A. and A.T. Campbell, "Improving UDP and TCP Peformance in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks with INSIGNIA" IEEE Communications Magazine, Special Feature on Challanges on Mobile Ad-hoc Networks, Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 156-165, June 2001.         [ Links ]

[8] Xue, J.P. Stuedi, "ASAP: An Adaptive QoS Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," Procedings of the 14th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), 2003, pp. 2616-2620, Beijing, China, Sep.         [ Links ]

[9] Yang, Y. and Kravets, "Contention-Aware Admission Control for Ad Hoc Networks," R. 2005. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 363-377, Jul. 2005.         [ Links ]

[10] Yang, Y. and Kravets, R. 2007. "Throughput guarantees for multi-priority traffic in ad hoc networks," Ad Hoc Netw. vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 228-253, Mar. 2007.         [ Links ]

[11] Lei Chen, Wendi Rabiner Heinzelman. "QoS-aware routing based on bandwidth estimation for mobile ad hoc networks," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, pp. 561-572, 2005.         [ Links ]

[12] R. de Renesse, V. Friderikos, and H. Aghvami. "Cross-layer cooperation for accurate admission control decisions in mobile ad hoc networks" R., IET Commun. vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 577-586, 2007.         [ Links ]

[13] Xie, J., Talpade, R.R. Mcauley, A., and Liu, M. 2002. "AMRoute: ad hoc multicast routing protocol," Mob. Netw. Appl. vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 429-439, Dec. 2002.         [ Links ]

[14] S.J. Lee, M. Gerla, and C.C. Chiang, "On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol," In Proceedings of IEEE WCNC'99, New Orleans, LA, pp. 1298-1304, Sep. 1999.         [ Links ]

[15] C.W. Wu, Y.C. Tay, and C.K. Toh, "Ad hoc Multicast Routing proto col utilizing Increasing id-numbers (AMRIS) Functional Specification," Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-manet-amris-spec-00.txt, Work in progress, Singapure, Nov. 1998.         [ Links ]

[16] J.J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves and E.L. Madruga, "The Core-Assisted Mesh Protocol," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 17, no. 8, Aug. 1999, pp. 1380-1394.         [ Links ]

[17] S. Lee, W. Su, J. Hsu, M. Gerla, R. Bagrodia, "A performance comparison study of ad hoc wireless multicast protocols," in: Proceedings of the IEEE Infocom, pp. 565-574, 2000.         [ Links ]

[18] Pagani, E. and Rossi, G.P. 2001. "A framework for the admission control of QoS multicast traffic in mobile ad hoc networks," In Proceedings of the 4th ACM international Workshop on Wireless Mobile Multimedia, WOWMOM '01. ACM, New York, NY, pp. 2-11, Rome, Italy, July 21-21, 2001.         [ Links ]

[19] Xiaojing Xiang, Xin Wang, Yuanyuan Yang, "Stateless Multicasting in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," IEEE Transactions on Computers, pp. 1076-1090, August, 2010.         [ Links ]

[20] Layuan, L. and Chunlin, L. 2007. "A QoS multicast routing protocol for clustering mobile ad hoc networks," Comput. Commun. vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 1641-1654, May. 2007.         [ Links ]

[21] Shekhar H. M. P., Kumar M. A. A., and Ramanatha K. S. "Mobile Agents Aided Multicast Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks", In Proceedings of 7th IEEE International Conference on 'Advanced Communication Technology, Vol. 2, pp. 765-770, February 2005.         [ Links ]

[22] Guojun Wang; Jiannong Cao; Lifan Zhang; Chan, K.C.C.; Jie Wu; "A Novel QoS Multicast Model in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, 2005. Proceedings. 19th IEEE International, pp. 206b-206b, 04-08 April 2005.         [ Links ]

[23] J. Xie, S. Nandi, A.K. Gupta, and A. Das. "Gateway-based multicast protocol –a novel multicast protocol for mobile ad hoc networks", IEE Proc., Commun. vol. 152, no. 6, pp. 811-820, December 2005.         [ Links ]

[24] Xie, A. Das, S. Nandi, and A.K. Gupta. "Improving the reliability of IEEE 802.11 broadcast scheme for multicasting in mobile ad hoc networks," IEE Proc. Commun., vol. 153, no. 2, pp. 207-212, April 2006.         [ Links ]

[25] G. Li, D.G. Zhang, K. Zheng, X.C. Ming, Z. H. Pan, K. W. Jiang, "A Kind of New Multicast Routing Algorithm for Application of Internet of Things", Journal of Applied Research and Technology, vol.11, no.4, pp. 578-585, August 2013.         [ Links ]

[26] Y. Chen, G. Gao, S.B. Liao, H.Y. Yang, S. Wang, "The Convergence Scheme on Network Utility Maximization in Wireless Multicast Networks", Journal of Applied Research and Technology, vol.11, no.4, pp. 533-539, August 2013.         [ Links ]

[27] Luo Junhai; Ye Danxia; Xue Liu; Fan Mingyu; , "A survey of multicast routing protocols for mobile Ad-Hoc networks," Communications Surveys & Tutorials, IEEE , vol.11, no.1, pp.78-91, First Quarter 2009.         [ Links ]

[28] Zhang, Q. and Agrawal, D.P. 2005. "Dynamic probabilistic broadcasting in MANETs". Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 220-233, Feb. 2005.         [ Links ]

[29] Y.S. Yen, R.-S. Chang, and H.C. Chao. "Flooding-limited for multi-constrained quality-of-service routing protocol in mobile ad hoc Networks". IET Commun. 2, 972 (2008).         [ Links ]

[30] Pongthawornkamol, T.; Nahrstedt, K.; Guijun Wang; "HybridCast: A Hybrid Probabilistic/Deterministic Approach for Adjustable Broadcast Reliability in Mobile Wireless Ad Hoc Networks," Communications, 2009. ICC '09. IEEE International Conference on, pp. 1-6, 1418 June 2009.         [ Links ]

[31] Fatemeh Nourazar, Masoud Sabaei, "DAPF: An Efficient Flooding Algorithm for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks," Signal Processing Systems, International Conference on Signal Processing Systems, pp. 594-598, 2009.         [ Links ]

[32] J.B. Partridge, Gigabit Networking, Addison-Wesley Publishing, 1994.         [ Links ]

[33] "Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide, Release 12.2". Cisco Systems Inc. Available: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/12_2/qos/configuration/guide/fqos_c.html        [ Links ]

[34] S. Floyd and V. Jackobson, "Random Early detection for congestion avoidance", IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 1, pp. 397-413, 1993.         [ Links ]

[35] Hector A. Duran-Limon, Gordon S. Blair, Adrian Friday, Thirunavukkarasu Sivaharan, George Samartzidis, "A Resource and QoS Management Framework for a Real-Time Event System in Mobile Ad Hoc Environments," words, pp. 217, Ninth IEEE International Workshop on Object-Oriented Real-Time Dependable Systems (WORDS'03F), 2003.         [ Links ]

[36] S. Toumpis and A. Goldsmith, "Ad Hoc Network Capacity", Stanford University, Wireless Systems Lab, 338 Packard, 350 Serra Mall, Standford, CA 94305, IEEE_0-7803-6514-3/00, stoumpis@systems.stanford.edu, pp. 1265-1269, 2000.         [ Links ]

[37] J.D. Parsons, "The Mobile Radio Propagation Channel", Jhon Wiley & Sons, 1992.         [ Links ]

[38] Pozar, D., "Directivity of Omnidirectional Antennas," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine (Antenna Designer's Notebook), Hal Shrank ed. Vol. 35 No. 5, pp. 50-51, October 1993.         [ Links ]

[39] M.S. Corson and J. Macker, "Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations," Request For Comments 2501, Internet engineering Task Force, jan. 1999.         [ Links ]

[40] G. Almes, S. Kalidindi, M. Zekauskas, "A One-way Delay Metric for IPPM", Request For Comments: 2679, Advanced Network & Services, September 1999.         [ Links ]

[41] Wei Zhang; Jingsha He; "Modeling End-to-End Delay Using Pareto Distribution", ISBN: 0-7695-2911-9, pp. 21-21, 16 julio 2007.         [ Links ]

[42] Boes, D.C.; Graybill, F.A.; and Mood, A. M. Introduction to the Theory of Statistics, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1974.         [ Links ]

[43] DeGroot, M.H. Probability and Statistics, 3rd ed. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991.         [ Links ]

[44] Knuth, D.E. The Art of Computer Programming, Vol. 2: Seminumerical Algorithms, 3rd ed. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, pp. 45-52, 1998.         [ Links ]

[45] Hevner A.R., March S.T., Park J., and Ram S., "Design Science in Information Systems Research," Management Information Systems (MIS) Quarterly, vol. 28, no. 1, p.p. 75-105, 2004.         [ Links ]