Combining Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Techniques in Fault–Tolerant Control

 

A. Vargas–Martínez*¹, L. E. Garza–Castañón²

 

^1,2 Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey Av. E. Garza Sada # 2501, 64849, Monterrey, México. *E–mail: A00777924@itesm.mx, legarza@itesm.mx

 

ABSTRACT

We present the integration of artificial intelligence, robust, nonlinear and model reference adaptive control (MRAC) methods for fault–tolerant control (FTC). We combine MRAC schemes with classical PID controllers, artificial neural networks (ANNs), genetic algorithms (GAs), H∞ controls and sliding mode controls. Six different schemas are proposed: the first one is an MRAC with an artificial neural network and a PID controller whose parameters were tuned by a GA using Pattern Search Optimization. The second scheme is an MRAC controller with an H∞ control (H∞). The third scheme is an MRAC controller with a sliding mode controller (SMC). The fourth scheme is an MRAC controller with an ANN. The fifth scheme is an MRAC controller with a PID controller optimized by a GA. Finally, the last scheme is an MRAC classical control system. The objective of this research is to generate more powerful FTC methods and compare the performance of above schemes under different fault conditions in sensors and actuators. An industrial heat exchanger process was the test bed for these approaches. Simulation results showed that the use of Pattern Search Optimization and ANNs improved the performance of the FTC scheme because it makes the control system more robust against sensor and actuator faults.

Keywords: Fault–tolerant control, MRAC, ANN, PID, GA, H∞, SMC.

 

RESUMEN

Se presenta la integración de métodos de Inteligencia Artificial, Control Robusto, Control No lineal y Control Adaptable por Modelo de Referencia (MRAC) en el Control Tolerante a Fallas (FTC). Se combinan diferentes esquemas de MRAC con controladores PID clásicos, redes neuronales, algoritmos genéticos, controladores H∞ y controladores por modo deslizante. Se proponen seis diferentes esquemas: el primer esquema es un MRAC con una red neuronal y un PID cuyos parámetros fueron optimizados con un algoritmo genético utilizando Optimización por Búsqueda de Patrones. El segundo esquema es un controlador MRAC con un controlador H∞. El tercer esquema es un controlador MRAC con un controlador por modo deslizante. El cuarto esquema es un controlador MRAC con una red neuronal. El quinto esquema es un controlador MRAC con un controlador PID optimizado por un algoritmo genético. Finalmente, el último esquema es un controlador clásico MRAC. El objetivo de esta investigación es generar métodos de FTC más poderosos y comparar su desempeño bajo diferentes condiciones de fallas tanto en sensores como en actuadores. Se utilizó un intercambiador de calor industrial para realizar dichos experimentos. Los resultados obtenidos de la simulación demostraron que el uso de Optimización por Búsqueda de Patrones con redes neuronales mejoró el desempeño del esquema FTC, ya que el sistema de control se volvió más robusto ante fallas en sensores y en actuadores.

 

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