Resumen

Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in Mexico. Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. [online]. 2011, vol.68, n.4, pp.262-270. ISSN 1665-1146.

Since the beginning of their selection, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSA) have disseminated worldwide. Although the problem was restricted at first to hospitals (HA-MRSA, hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), in the 1990s the first cases in patients with no history of hospitalization were reported. These new strains were referred to as CA-MRSA (community-acquired MRSA). As a result of the increasing resistance in hospitals (from 2% to 64% in 30 years), there is a current threat to public health in the community. The mechanisms that contributed to the selection of CA-MRSA are still controversial. In Mexico, information regarding this problem has been reduced to reports from tertiary-care level hospitals. Frequency of MRSA strains is high (50-85%). Therapeutic options are multiple, but a careful selection of the type of infection and patient risk factors must be acknowledged. Until now, the only useful preventive measure to contain bacterial resistance is appropriate antimicrobial use.

Palabras llave : antimicrobial resistance; MRSA; appropriate antibiotic use.

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